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Volume 3, Number 1, (1998)
- Influence of Mismatch between Subjects' Representation and Critical Items on the Detection Accuracy of Deception...Tohru Okuno and Akihiro Yagi
- HPLC/Chemiluminescence Detection of Methamphetamine and Amphetamine in Hair...Nariaki Takayama, Seishi Tanaka, Ryoichi Kizu and Kazuichi Hayakawa
- Blast Waves at Short Distances with Small Charges of RDX...Masataka Kudo, Mamoru Kazama and Tatsuo Yamada
| Volume 3, Number 1, pp.1-9 (1998) | |
| Influence of Mismatch between Subjects' Representation and Critical Items on the Detection Accuracy of Deception | |
| Tohru Okuno and Akihiro Yagi | |
| Two experiments examined the influence of differences between memory representation and the content of critical items presented visually for detection accuracy in a guilty knowledge test. In Experiment 1, skin conductance responses (SCR.) of 12 subjects were measured under three conditions. In each of two conditions, one of two pictures that differed in the degree of match to the stimulus memorized previously was used as a critical item, while the identical picture was used in another condition. The results indicated that detection accuracy on the item relatively similar to the memorized material was lower than that of the item identical to representation. Both items could be detected. However , when the critical item was dissimilar to the previously memorized stimulus, the rate of correct detection did not indicate a significant increase above chance expectancy. In Experiment 2, two types of pictures, identical and dissimilar pictures, were used as critical items and names of which were also presented orally. There was another condition where the critical item was presented only orally. Skin conductance responses of 12 subjects were measured. In the dissimilar picture condition, detection accuracy was lower than that of the identical picture condition, but the rate of correct detection was significantly greater than a chance level. There was no statistically significant difference on detection accuracy between the dissimilar picture and oral conditions. The results of these studies showed that 1) examiners shoud use critical items which were as similar to memory representation of the subjects as possible, and 2) there could be a case that was successful to detect deception even if the critical items were not identical to memory representation. | |
| Keywords...Guilty kowledge test, Memory representation, Critical items, Detection accuracy, Skin conductance response |
| Volume 3, Number 1, pp.11-15 (1998) | |
| HPLC/Chemiluminescence Detection of Methamphetamine and Amphetamine in Hair | |
| Nariaki Takayama, Seishi Tanaka, Ryoichi Kizu and Kazuichi Hayakawa | |
| We have developed a highly sensitive HPLC method using chemiluminescence detection (CL-HPLC) for determining methamphetamine (MA) and its metabolite, amphetamine (AP), in a single hair. MA and AP were extracted from a single hair with a solution of methanol and hydrochloric acid, evaporated to dryness, dansylated, and subjected to CL-HPLC. Bis(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl) oxalate and hydrogen peroxide were used as post column reagents. This method was used for the determination of MA and AP in hair samples obtained from 44 MA users. Of these, 31 samples showed both MA and AP, 8 samples showed only MA and 5 samples showed neither MA nor AP. Seven MA users whose hair samples contained both MA and AP, neither compound was detected in the urine. Because the present method can be performed on a single hair, it is easier to procure samples and to obtain the subjects' willingness to provide samples. | |
| Keywords...methamphetamine, amphetamine, hair analysis, HPLC/chemiluminescence detection, dansyl chloride. |
| Volume 3, Number 1, pp.17-20 (1998) | |
| Blast Waves at Short Distances with Small Charges of RDX | |
| Masataka Kudo, Mamoru Kazama and Tatsuo Yamada | |
| Air blast experiments with a small amount of spherical RDX were carried out. 10g to 70g RDX charges were detonated by lead azide in contact with on electric heater. Generated blast waves (peak normally reflected overpressure) were measured by piezoelectric gauges located at less than two meters. The peak overpressures were processed with Hopkinson's scaling law and they were compared with past data which had been obtained by representative experiments that ranged from a kilogram to tons ofhigh explosives. The results described the Hopkinson's scaling law that could be applied to a small charge of explosives at a short distance. We confirmed that the law for peak overpressure was valid between the present results and large scale experiments. | |
| Keywords...Blast wave, Scaling law, RDX, Small charge |
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